文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on the Biological Process and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles

作者:

徐明; 王哲; 劉思金

中國科學(xué)院生態(tài)環(huán)境研究中心，環(huán)境化學(xué)與生態(tài)毒理學(xué)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室

Author(s):

Ming Xu; Zhe Wang; Sijin Liu

關(guān)鍵詞:

納米銀; 生物過程; 致死效應(yīng); 非致死效應(yīng); 環(huán)境健康風(fēng)險

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2016.01.04

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:

A

摘要:

納米銀是目前全球產(chǎn)量和使用量最大的人工納米材料之一。由于其優(yōu)良的抗菌等特性，納米銀應(yīng)用范圍廣泛，與人們的生產(chǎn)、生活密切相關(guān)。隨著納米銀在工業(yè)品、醫(yī)療品和生活用品中日益廣泛的應(yīng)用，其伴隨的環(huán)境與健康風(fēng)險也日益受到人們的關(guān)注，并成為重要的研究熱點(diǎn)。近年來，關(guān)于納米銀的生物過程、生物效應(yīng)及其相關(guān)分子作用機(jī)制的研究都取得重要進(jìn)展，為全面地闡明納米銀的環(huán)境和生物安全性提供了重要的理論依據(jù)。為了更深入地理解納米銀暴露的環(huán)境健康危害，本文系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)了納米銀進(jìn)入生物體的途徑以及在生物體內(nèi)的組織分布；納米銀與生物分子的相互作用；納米銀進(jìn)入細(xì)胞的途徑以及引發(fā)致死效應(yīng)的毒性機(jī)制等方面的研究現(xiàn)狀和進(jìn)展。此外，本文還闡述了納米銀的環(huán)境健康風(fēng)險及其在低劑量暴露條件下引發(fā)生物體非致死效應(yīng)的作用機(jī)制，并對未來可能的研究前景進(jìn)行展望。

Abstract:

With the increasing development of nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become one of the most largely produced and most widely used artificial nanomaterials in global markets. Due to their excellent antimicrobial activity, AgNPs have been applied in a wide spectrum of fields, including industry, medicine and consumer products. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively understand the potential risks of AgNPs to environment and human health. Thus far, studies focusing on the safety of AgNPs have described the biological process of AgNPs in bodies, AgNPs-mediated effects and according molecular mechanisms. In this review, we systematically recapitulated recent findings on biological effects of AgNPs, including (1) general routs of AgNPs exposure to human bodies, as well as subsequent tissue distribution; (2) interactions with biological molecules of AgNPs in the body; (3) cellular uptake and mechanisms responsible for AgNPs-induced lethal effects. Moreover, we emphasized findings on environmental and health risks of AgNPs and corresponding mechanisms by which AgNPs exerted sublehtal effects under low concentrations. Additionally, we have a further outlook on the future studying in this field of AgNPs’ adverse effects.