文章信息/Info

Title:

 Materials Genome Initiative and Nuclear Fuel Element Material

作者:

 盧勇1 ; 王翠萍1 ; 李林陽1 ; 賈建平2 ; 劉興軍1

 （1.廈門大學材料學院，福建省，廈門市，361005;
2.表面物理與化學重點實驗室，四川 綿陽 621907）

Author(s):

 Lu Yong1;  Wang Cuiping1;  Li Linyang1;  Jia Jianping2;  Liu Xingjun1

 （1. Xiamen University, Fujian Xiamen 710016, China;
 2. Science and Technology on surface Physics and Chemistry Laboratory, Sichuan Mianyang, 621907, China)

關(guān)鍵詞:

 ; 材料基因工程; 核燃料元件材料; 材料設(shè)計; CALPHAD;  相場法

Keywords:

 ; MGI;  Nuclear Fuel Element Material;  CALPHAD;  Phase-Field Method

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.06.03

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

 核能由于其高能量密度和低污染排放等優(yōu)點，已經(jīng)成為未來能源的重要組成部分。然而，民用核燃料材料因其特殊的放射性，實驗研究的安全防護成本極高，尤其是經(jīng)過輻照后的核燃料材料，分析和表征手段極其有限，如果采用傳統(tǒng)的“嘗試式”材料研發(fā)方法，將會使材料的研發(fā)成本大幅提高，因此，材料基因工程的研究思路正是適合于新型民用核燃料材料研究的技術(shù)路線。本研究組多年來以開發(fā)新型民用核燃料元件材料為目標，通過第一性原理和CALPHAD技術(shù)的結(jié)合，先后建立了U、Pu等錒系元素的多組元熱力學數(shù)據(jù)庫，并建立了輻照場作用下的熱力學模型，對輻照場作用下核燃料材料的相變熱力學和動力學進行了深入研究，在熱力學數(shù)據(jù)庫的基礎(chǔ)上，運用相場動力學模型對核燃料元件材料的凝固和時效過程組織演化規(guī)律進行了系統(tǒng)的研究。這種基于材料基因工程的多尺度、多組元的材料設(shè)計研發(fā)思路為我國新一代具有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的民用核燃料元件材料的成分設(shè)計、組織控制、工藝優(yōu)化、性能改善及服役時間預(yù)測提供了重要的理論基礎(chǔ)，同時對材料基因工程在材料開發(fā)中的廣泛應(yīng)用具有重要意義。

Abstract:

Nuclear energy is an important part of the future source of energy due to their higher energy density and lower emission of pollutants. However, the traditional research method of “trial-and-error” may result in higher costs and lower efficiency because of the radioactivity of the nuclear fuels. The idea of Materials Genome Initiative（MGI）are suitable for the research and development of nuclear fuels. Focused on the nuclear fuel element material, our research group developed a multi-component thermodynamic database of U and Pu by coupling the CALPHAD and the first-principle method. Based on the thermodynamic database, the thermodynamic models under irradiation were established and the phase transformations under irradiation were systematically investigated. The microstructure evolutions of solidification and aging were simulated by using the Phase-Field method. The present multi-scale and multi-component materials design method based on MGI can provide important information for the design of composition, microstructure controlling and property improvement of nuclear fuels.