文章信息/Info

Title:

Diffusion in liquid metals under microgravity

作者:

鐘浪祥; 胡金亮; 張博

(1．合肥工業(yè)大學材料科學與工程學院非晶態(tài)物質科學研究所，安徽 合肥 230009)
(2. 安徽省功能材料與器件重點實驗室，安徽 合肥 230009)

Author(s):

ZHONG Langxiang;  HU Jinliang; ZHANG Bo

1. Institute of Amorphous Matter Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering
2. Anhui Provincial Key Lab of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology,
 Hefei 230009, P. R. China

關鍵詞:

金屬熔體; 擴散系數(shù); 測量技術; 空間微重力

Keywords:

liquid metals;  diffusion coefficient;  measured technique;  microgravity.

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.07.02

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

金屬熔體的擴散行為是凝聚態(tài)物理研究的重要課題。金屬熔體的擴散系數(shù)是描述熔體質量傳輸現(xiàn)象的重要參數(shù)。精確的擴散系數(shù)對于基礎材料科學研究和工程應用領域都非常重要。本文介紹了幾種常用的金屬熔體擴散系數(shù)測量技術以及國內關于金屬熔體擴散的研究進展。由于受到各種因素的影響，如重力效應引起的對流，地面條件下測量得到的擴散系數(shù)往往存在很大的誤差。本文總結了國外學者在空間微重力環(huán)境下開展的一系列的研究工作，由于技術和成本的限制，目前空間實驗得到的精確的擴散測量結果還十分匱乏，這導致人們對金屬熔體微觀質量傳輸機制認識遠遠不足。本文結合現(xiàn)有的實驗結果簡要介紹了幾種擴散理論模型并予以簡要的評述。最后給出了熔體擴散未來值得研究的方向，提出了未來要解決的科學及技術問題。

Abstract:

The study of the diffusion behavior in liquid metals is an important subject of condensed physics research. The diffusion coefficient of liquid metals is a key parameter to describe the mass transfer phenomena. Accurate diffusion coefficients are important for the studies of fundamental materials science and engineering applications. In this paper, several commonly measurement techniques and progress of domestic research on diffusion in liquid metals are introduced. Due to the influence of various factors such as convection caused by gravity, the diffusion coefficients measured on the ground often have great errors. This paper summarizes a series of research works in the microgravity environment carried out by foreign scientists. Due to the limitation of technology and cost, the precise diffusion measurement result obtained by the space experiment is still very lacking, that led to people on the understanding of the mass transfer mechanism of molten metal is far from enough. Several diffusion theory models are briefly introduced based on the existing experimental results. Finally, the future direction of liquid metal diffusion is given, and the scientific and technical problems to be solved are proposed.