文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion Capacitor

作者:

李堯; 宋家旺; 劉慶雷; 顧佳俊; 朱申敏; 張旺; 張荻

(上海交通大學 金屬基復合材料國家重點實驗室，上海 200240)

Author(s):

LI Yao;  SONG Jiawang;  LIU Qinglei;  GU Jiajun;  ZHANG Wang;  ZHANG Di

(State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

關鍵詞:

電極材料; 鋰離子電容器; 電化學; 儲能器件

Keywords:

electrode-materials; li ion capacitor;  electrochemistry;  energy-storage device

DOI:

10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2018.06.04

文獻標志碼:

A

摘要:

鋰離子電容器負極多為可嵌鋰的材料，其正極則多選用具有電容特性的材料，結(jié)合了鋰離子電池和電化學電容器各自的優(yōu)點，具有能量密度高、功率密度高、使用壽命長等優(yōu)勢，是極具前景的儲能器件，有望應用于新能源汽車等領域。然而鋰離子電容器也存在發(fā)生嵌鋰反應的負極與發(fā)生離子可逆吸附脫附的正極間動力學與比電容不匹配、使用過程中形成固態(tài)電解質(zhì)膜、首次充放電不可逆容量損失高等問題，這限制了鋰離子電容器進一步發(fā)展。為進一步提高鋰離子電容器的使用性能，研究者們一直致力于開發(fā)新的電極材料。按照電容器負極發(fā)生反應的類型，本文將負極材料大致分為嵌入型、轉(zhuǎn)化型、合金型三類并逐一介紹其研究進展。此外，本文還就目前碳基正極材料研究的幾個熱點方向作了簡要總結(jié)，并在文末就未來對鋰離子電容器的進一步研究和應用做出展望。

Abstract:

With lithium-insertion type anode and capacitive cathode, li ion capacitor combines advantages of li ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors and shows nice performance in terms of energy density, power density and lifespan. It is regarded one of the most promising energy-storage devices for new energy vehicles. However, in addition to formation of solid electrolyte interface and high irreversible capacity loss in the first cycle, lithium ion capacitor also suffers from kinetic and capacity mismatch between anode and cathode, which hinders its further development. To enhance its energy storage performance, researchers have been committed to develop novel electrode materials. Depending on the electrochemical reactions, anode materials are roughly divided into three types, which are insertion type, conversion type and alloying type, respectively. Here, besides anode materials, several research focuses on carbonous cathode materials for lithium ion capacitor are also briefly summarized. A perspective concerning further research and application of lithium ion capacitor is presented in the end.